PPT Slide

Don’t focus on internal process , but do examine external process and origins of change

• Spady: Student Access - Experience - Performance (1970, 1971)

• Astin: Input - Environment - Output (1970)

• Astin/Pace: Theory of Involvement (1985)

• Pascarella: Model for Assessing Student Change (1985)

• Weidman: Model for Undergraduate Socialization (1989)

College Impact Models -

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