PURPOSE -------
Provide relinking instructions for Oracle Database software
on UNIX platforms.
SCOPE & APPLICATION
-------------------
Anyone who maintains Oracle RDBMS software on a UNIX platform.
Relinking Oracle
================
Background:
Applications for UNIX are generally not distributed as complete executables.
Oracle, like many application vendors who create products for UNIX, distribute
individual object files, library archives of object files, and some source
files which then get ?relinked? at the operating system level during
installation to create usable executables. This guarantees a reliable
integration with functions provided by the OS system libraries.
Relinking occurs automatically under these circumstances:
- An Oracle product has been installed with an Oracle provided installer.
- An Oracle patch set has been applied via an Oracle provided installer.
Relinking Oracle manually is suggested under these circumstances:
- An OS upgrade has occurred.
- A change has been made to the OS system libraries. This can occur during
the application of an OS patch.
- A new install failed during the relinking phase.
- Individual Oracle executables core dump during initial startup.
- An individual Oracle patch has been applied (However, explicit relink
instructions are usually either included in the README or integrated into
the patch install script)
[Step 1] Log into the UNIX system as the Oracle software owner
==============================================================================
Typically this is the user 'oracle'.
[STEP 2] Verify that your $ORACLE_HOME is set correctly:
===============================================================================
For all Oracle Versions and Platforms, perform this basic environment check
first:
% cd $ORACLE_HOME
% pwd
...Doing this will ensure that $ORACLE_HOME is set correctly in your current
environment.
[Step 3] Verify and/or Configure the UNIX Environment for Proper Relinking:
===============================================================================
For all Oracle Versions and UNIX Platforms:
The Platform specific environment variables LIBPATH, LD_LIBRARY_PATH, &
SHLIB_PATH typically are already set to include system library locations like
'/usr/lib'. In most cases, you need only check what they are set to first,
then add the $ORACLE_HOME/lib directory to them where appropriate.
i.e.: % setenv LD_LIBRARY_PATH ${ORACLE_HOME}/lib:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}
(see [NOTE:131207.1] How to Set UNIX Environment Variables for help with
setting UNIX environment variables)
If on AIX with:
--------------
Oracle 7.3.X:
- Set LIBPATH to include $ORACLE_HOME/lib
Oracle 8.0.X:
- Set LIBPATH to include $ORACLE_HOME/lib
- Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH to include $ORACLE_HOME/lib and
$ORACLE_HOME/network/lib (Required when using Oracle products that
use Java)
- Set LINK_CNTRL to L_PTHREADS_D7 if using AIX 4.3. ('oslevel' verifies
OS version)
Oracle 8.1.X or 9.X.X:
- For 8.1.5, set LINK_CNTRL to L_PTHREADS_D7
- If not 8.1.5, ensure that LINK_CNTRL is not set
- Set LIBPATH to include $ORACLE_HOME/lib
If on DATA GENERAL AVIION (DG) with:
-----------------------------------
Oracle 7.3.X or 8.0.X:
- Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH to include $ORACLE_HOME/lib
- ensure TARGET_BINARY_INTERFACE is unset
Oracle 8.1.X:
- Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH to include
$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/JRE/lib/PentiumPro/native_threads
If on HP-UX with:
----------------
Oracle 7.3.X, 8.0.X, 8.1.X;
- Set SHLIB_PATH to $ORACLE_HOME/lib
If using 64bit 8i Oracle, also
- Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH to $ORACLE_HOME/lib
- ensure LPATH is unset
Oracle 9.x;
- set SHLIB_PATH to include $ORACLE_HOME/lib32, but not $ORACLE_HOME/lib
- set LD_LIBRARY_PATH to include $ORACLE_HOME/lib, but not $ORACLE_HOME/lib32
- ensure LPATH is unset
If on NCR with:
--------------
Oracle 7.3.X, 8.0.X or 8.1.X:
- Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH to include $ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/ccs/lib
If on SCO UNIXware with:
-----------------------
Oracle 7.3.X or 8.0.X:
- Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH to include $ORACLE_HOME/lib
Oracle 8.1.X:
- Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH to include
$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/JRE/lib/x86at/native_threads
If on SGI with:
--------------
32bit Oracle 7.3.X or 8.0.X:
- Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH to include $ORACLE_HOME/lib
- Set SGI_ABI to -32
64bit Oracle 8.0.X or 8.1.X (8i is only available in 64bit):
- Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH to include $ORACLE_HOME/lib
- Set SGI_ABI to -64
- If one does not already exist, create the file compiler.defaults and
set the COMPILER_DEFAULTS_PATH variable:
In the Oracle software owner's $HOME directory, create a file called
'compiler.defaults':
% cd $HOME
% echo "-DEFAULT:abi=64:isa=mips3:proc=r10k" > compiler.defaults
Then set the environment variable COMPILER_DEFAULTS_PATH to point to the
$HOME directory.
% setenv COMPILER_DEFAULTS_PATH $HOME
If this is not set, relinking will fail because the compiler defaults to
MIPS4 objects although Oracle requires MIPS3.
- Set LD_LIBRARY64_PATH to include the $ORACLE_HOME/lib and the
$ORACLE_HOME/javavm/admin directories.
- Set LD_LIBRARYN32_PATH to include the $ORACLE_HOME/lib32 directory.
NOTE: LD_LIBRARY64_PATH & LD_LIBRARYN32_PATH must be undefined when
installing software with Oracle Universal Installer.
If on SOLARIS (Sparc or Intel) with:
------------------------------------
Oracle 7.3.X, 8.0.X, or 8.1.X:
- Ensure that /usr/ccs/bin is before /usr/ucb in $PATH
% which ld ....should return '/usr/ccs/bin/ld'
If using 32bit(non 9i) Oracle,
- Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
If using 64bit(non 9i) Oracle,
- Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
- Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH_64=$ORACLE_HOME/lib64
Oracle 9.X.X (64Bit) on Solaris (64Bit) OS
- Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib32
- Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH_64=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
Oracle 9.X.X (32Bit) on Solaris (64Bit) OS
- Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
If on Digital/Tru64, IBM/Sequent PTX, Linux or any other UNIX Platform not
mentioned above with:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle 7.3.X, 8.0.X, 8.1.X or 9.X.X:
- Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH to include $ORACLE_HOME/lib
[Step 4] For all Oracle Versions and UNIX Platforms:
===============================================================================
Verify that you performed Step 2 correctly:
% env|pg ....make sure that you see the correct absolute path for
$ORACLE_HOME in the variable definitions.
[Step 5] Run the OS Commands to Relink Oracle:
===============================================================================
Important Note: Before relinking Oracle, shut down both the database and the
listener.
Important Note: The following commands will output a lot of text to your
session window.
Important Note: If relinking a client installation, it's expected that some
aspects of the following commands will fail if the components
were not originally installed.
For all UNIX platforms:
Oracle 7.3.x
------------
For executables: oracle, exp, imp, sqlldr, tkprof
% cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib
% make -f ins_rdbms.mk install
For executables: svrmgrl, svrmgrm
% cd $ORACLE_HOME/svrmgr/lib
% make -f ins_svrmgr.mk linstall minstall <- linstall is for svrmgrl,
minstall is for svrmgrm
For executables: sqlplus
% cd $ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/lib
% make -f ins_sqlplus.mk install
For executables: dbsnmp, oemevent, oratclsh
% cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/lib
% make -f ins_agent.mk install
For executables: names, namesctl
% cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/lib
% make -f ins_names.mk install
For executables: tnslsnr, lsnrctl, tnsping, csmnl, trceval, trcroute
% cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/lib
% make -f ins_network.mk install
Oracle 8.0.x
------------
For executables: oracle, exp, imp, sqlldr, tkprof, mig, dbv, orapwd, rman,
svrmgrl, ogms, ogmsctl
% cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib
% make -f ins_rdbms.mk install
For executables: sqlplus
% cd $ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/lib
% make -f ins_sqlplus.mk install
For executables: dbsnmp, oemevent, oratclsh, libosm.so
% cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/lib
% make -f ins_oemagent.mk install
For executables: tnslsnr, lsnrctl, namesctl, names, osslogin, trcasst,
trcroute
% cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/lib
% make -f ins_network.mk install
Oracle 8.1.X or 9.X.X
------------------------
*** NEW IN 8i AND ABOVE ***
A 'relink' script is provided in the $ORACLE_HOME/bin directory.
% cd $ORACLE_HOME/bin
% relink ...this will display all of the command's options.
usage: relink <parameter>
accepted values for parameter: all, oracle, network, client,
client_sharedlib, interMedia, precomp, utilities, oemagent, ldap
Note: ldap option is available only from 9i. In 8i, you would have to manually relink
ldap.
You can relink most of the executables associated with an Oracle Server Installation
by running the following command:
% relink all
This will not relink every single executable Oracle provides(you can
discern which executables were relinked by checking their timestamp with
'ls -l' in the $ORACLE_HOME/bin directory). However, 'relink all' will
recreate the shared libraries that most executables rely on and thereby
resolve most issues that require a proper relink.
-or-
Since the 'relink' command merely calls the traditional 'make' commands, you
still have the option of running the 'make' commands independently:
For executables: oracle, exp, imp, sqlldr, tkprof, mig, dbv, orapwd, rman,
svrmgrl, ogms, ogmsctl
% cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib
% make -f ins_rdbms.mk install
For executables: sqlplus
% cd $ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/lib
% make -f ins_sqlplus.mk install
For executables: isqlplus
% cd $ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/lib
% make -f ins_sqlplus install_isqlplus
For executables: dbsnmp, oemevent, oratclsh
% cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/lib
% make -f ins_oemagent.mk install
For executables: names, namesctl
% cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/lib
% make -f ins_names.mk install
For executables: osslogin, trcasst, trcroute, onrsd, tnsping
% cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/lib
% make -f ins_net_client.mk install
For executables: tnslsnr, lsnrctl
% cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/lib
% make -f ins_net_server.mk install
For executables related to ldap (for example Oracle Internet Directory):
% cd $ORACLE_HOME/ldap/lib
% make -f ins_ldap.mk install
How to Tell if Relinking Was Successful:
===============================================================================
If relinking was successful, the make command will eventually return to the OS
prompt without an error. There will NOT be a 'Relinking Successful' type
message.
If You Receive an Error Message During Relinking:
===============================================================================
Confirm that the message you received is an actual fatal error and not a
warning. Relinking errors usually terminate the relinking process and contain
verbage similar to the following:
'Fatal error', 'Ld: fatal', 'Exit Code 1'
While warnings will look similar to: 'ld: warning: option -YP appears more than
once, first setting taken' and can most often be ignored.
If you receive an error that terminates the relinking process, your first step
should be to extract the relevant information about the error from the make
output:
This can be broken down into three basic steps:
1. Identify the OS utility that is returning the error.
'ld', 'make', 'cc', 'mv', 'cp', 'ar' are common sources.
2. Identify the type of error:
'Permission Denied', 'Undefined Symbol', 'File Not Found' are common types.
3. Identify the files or symbols involved.
Using the information from above as keywords, search Oracle's Metalink
repository (MetaLink.oracle.com) for previous occurrences of the same error.
If no previous occurances are found or a solution is not provided, generate an
iTAR that includes the complete error text.
Help setting environment variables.
==============================================================================
See [NOTE:131207.1] How to Set UNIX Environment Variables
for help with setting UNIX environment variables.
Relinking with Orainst:
===============================================================================
For Oracle7 & Oracle8 only, the following document illustrates how to relink
with the 'orainst' utility:
[NOTE:1032747.6] HOW TO RELINK ORACLE USING THE 7.3.X INSTALLER
While 'orainst' will run the same commands as [Step 4], performing [Step 4]
manually from a UNIX shell is the preferred approach.
RELATED DOCUMENTS
-----------------
[NOTE:131207.1] How to Set UNIX Environment Variables
[NOTE:109621.1] HP/UX: LD_LIBRARY_PATH and SHLIB_PATH
[NOTE:1032747.6] HOW TO RELINK ORACLE USING THE 7.3.X INSTALLER
[BUG:1337908] THE $ORACLE_HOME/BIN/RELINK SCRIPT DOES NOT RELINK EXP, IMP
SQLLOADER
