Economics
Benchmark Terms and Definitions
Grades 6-8 Cluster
Economics 1
Microeconomics
Technology: The process used to produce a good
or service (a water
buffalo and plow versus a mechanized plow).
Costs: what is given up to produce a good or service
Demand: Demand is the amount consumers are willing
and able to buy at
various prices.
Competitive Market: one in which the good exchanged
has an unlimited
Goods: Goods are objects that can satisfy people's
wants.
Economics 2
Macroeconomics
Taxes: A tax is a required payment to a local,
state, or national
government.
Economics 3
Economic Systems
Specialize: To specialize means to concentrate
the productive efforts
of individuals and firms on a limited number of activities.
Cultural Values: those ideas that are considered
important to a society
that impact the way people behave and influence what choices
they make
Economic Systems: An economic system is the organized
way a society
provides for the wants of its citizens. Each system determines
how to
produce and allocate resources, goods and services.
Economics 4
International Trade
Free Trade: exchange of goods and services between
countries with no
government rules such as tariffs and quotas to influence
the exchange.
Restricted Trade: rules that make the exchange
of goods and services
between countries more difficult by making it harder to
make the
exchange (ie; taxes on imports, labeling issues, limits
to numbers of certain goods allowed into a country)
Specialize: To specialize means to concentrate
the productive efforts
of individuals and firms on a limited number of activities.