KAAP 602
In-Class Examples
Problem 1: A famous physiologist tests the training effects of three types of walking suits (known as power suits). The first of the three suits (Stiff), which has a series of stiff elastic bands built into the fabric surrounding each elbow and shoulder, is designed to add resistance to the upper body while walking, theoretically increasing the energy cost of the exercise. The second suit (Medium) is similar, except that the bands aren’t quite as stiff. The third suit (the control suit) has ‘fake’ bands built into the fabric, so that the subjects won’t know that they constitute a control group. Subjects are tested for VO2 capacities, and are then assigned to use one of the three suits using a randomized block design. All subjects take part in a twelve week controlled exercise regimen, and then retested for VO2 capacity at the end of 12 weeks. Analyze and interpret the data collected at the end of the twelve week training period. Remember that a higher VO2 is a good thing.
|
Control |
Medium |
Stiff |
|
45.6 |
56.3 |
36.4 |
|
42.7 |
39.3 |
56.2 |
|
38.5 |
42.3 |
51.7 |
|
44.2 |
49.6 |
48.3 |
|
53.7 |
68.6 |
65.4 |
|
41.1 |
51.0 |
61.1 |
|
35.3 |
56.6 |
59.8 |
|
31.6 |
45.2 |
56.2 |
|
45.0 |
51.0 |
51.5 |
|
34.8 |
|
62.0 |
|
29.9 |
|
|
Problem 2: A researcher designed a study to measure the efficacy of three different types of ankle-foot orthoses (AFO’s). Type A was a standard AFO, type B was a supramalleolar AFO (SmAFO), and type C was a tone-reducing AFO (TrAFO). The researcher also collected data from all subjects without any AFO present (Control). Each subject was assigned an AFO condition in random order, provided with a prescription device, and given four weeks to accomodate to the device. After four weeks, the researcher performed a gait analysis, and then assigned the subject to one of the remaining groups. This process continued until each subject experienced each condition. The gait data was distilled into a single variable known as a gait index. The data is presented below. Assuming that lower indices are better, analyze the following data and interpret the results.
|
Subject |
AFO |
TrAFO |
SmAFO |
Control |
|
A |
4.56 |
5.72 |
6.95 |
8.99 |
|
B |
5.23 |
5.99 |
6.02 |
7.12 |
|
C |
2.87 |
2.99 |
3.01 |
4.44 |
|
D |
3.88 |
6.77 |
6.54 |
7.66 |
|
E |
2.21 |
4.88 |
4.70 |
8.03 |
|
F |
6.12 |
6.01 |
8.44 |
9.04 |
|
G |
5.11 |
7.11 |
8.02 |
8.11 |
|
H |
3.78 |
6.23 |
5.55 |
6.67 |
|
I |
4.43 |
5.88 |
5.76 |
8.21 |
|
J |
2.34 |
4.44 |
5.53 |
7.21 |